Prof. dr. Linda Steg

Professor

e.m.steg@rug.nl
+31 50 3636482

Grote Kruisstraat 2/1
9712 TS Groningen
the Netherlands

Room 462

Summary of work:My main research interests focus on understanding environmental behaviour, in particular household energy use and car use. I am especially interested in understanding which individual and situational factors affect intrinsic motivation to act pro-environmentally. Also, I study which factors affect the effectiveness and acceptability of environmental policy and technology.

Research Projects

Research interests

My main research interests focus on understanding environmental behaviour, in particular household energy use and car use. I am especially interested in understanding which individual and situational factors affect intrinsic motivation to act pro-environmentally. Also, I study which factors affect the effectiveness and acceptability of environmental policy and technology. I am involved in various interdisciplinary research projects that aim to understand how to realise a sustainable energy transition. Among other activities, I am past-president of the Environmental Division of the International Association of Applied Psychology, member of the Advisory Group on Energy for Horizon 2020, member of the Board of Directors of the University of Twente, member of the scientific board of the Groningen Energy and Sustainability Program, and associated member of the Dutch Council for the Environment and Infrastructure. Also, I coordinate the European PERSON platform (see www.person.eu) that aims to unite and advise socio-economic research on the human dimensions of sustainable energy transtiions aimed to promote a secure, clean and efficient energy system.

Research projects:

Efficient demand and supply matching by incentivizing end-users in buildings (MatchIT)

Smart grids promise a formation of a reliable electricity infrastructure that can meet demand with a high security of supply under possibly varying and affordable prices. While the energy is generated in a distributed fashion using solar panels, wind turbines and combined heat-power systems, it can be also stored, for example, using batteries. For such formation to be realized, an electricity infrastructure linking households, commercial buildings and industrial buildings needs control options and interventions that are efficient, intelligent and socially acceptable. Such options and interventions require an interdisciplinary approach that integrates multiple technological and social science disciplines. We propose an interdisciplinary framework that uses innovative control methods and intelligent automated techniques to improve the demand/supply matching that are acceptable to end-users. We develop distributed control methods that combine financial and social incentives with the physics of the electricity infrastructure in an optimal way. Within the electricity infrastructure, we focus on buildings where sensors collect indoor information. We realize intelligent techniques that use that information and automatically coordinate the use of HVAC and appliances in accordance to the infrastructure situation (congestion, energy prices, control signals) and end-user needs. Here, we examine which and why financial and social incentives are acceptable and effective to promote demand and supply matching among end-users. This knowledge provides the means to realize sustainable smart grids in which energy demand is matched to the local supply of energy. We first evaluate our framework in simulated and living-lab settings, and next apply the framework to the “Power Matching City” field lab in the north of the Netherlands.

Incentives and algorithms for efficient, reliable and socially acceptable energy system integration (ERSAS)

This project aims to study how to develop efficient, reliable, sustainable and socially acceptable (decentralised) energy system integration (ESI) from an interdisciplinary perspective. We will examine how to synergise infrastructure for gas, electricity and heat, and how to promote efficient use of such energy system by end users. In the psychological sub-project, we will examine the acceptability and effects of financial and social incentives that aim to encourage end-users to match energy demand to the local fluctuating supply of various renewable energy sources, as to increase the efficient use of the local energy grid. We will study the conditions under which different incentives are effective, as well why different incentives are (not) effective. Researchers from the Engineering and Technology Institute at the University of Groningen will examine how to synergise and couple infrastructure for gas, electricity and heat, and develop control algorithms that enhance the efficiency, stability and sustainability of such integrated energy systems. Together, we will study how effective incentives can be integrated in the algorithms aimed to control integrated energy systems. Also, we will study which factors affect the willingness of users to accept and use the proposed integrated system functionalities. The project is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

Urban Smart Measures and Incentives for quality of Life Enhancement (U-SMILE)

Accessibility and sustainability are important conditions for vital and resilient cities, but are under pressure especially in urban areas. Congestion, local air quality, parking; these are different challenges that, however, have in common that effective solutions require behavioural change in addition to technological innovation. This project aims to develop, test and evaluate “smart” measures to affect behaviour. The measures are smart in the first place because they offer an innovative mix of negative and positive financial incentives, thus bypassing some of the main disadvantages of pricing (notably a very limited acceptability) and of rewarding (in particular limited budgets and induced demand). The measures are also smart because they have a highly innovative technological character, not only from the conceptual viewpoint (e.g. tradable driving permits) but also from the technological perspective (e.g. linking real time automated vehicle identification to virtual market environments). These smart measures will be studied from a multidisciplinary perspective, where forces are joined among economists, psychologists, traffic engineers and policy analysts, and will be evaluated from the perspectives of effectiveness, acceptability, and efficiency – paying attention to key urban challenges such as accessibility and environmental quality. The project has a very strong rooting in the urban reality as the case studies are undertaken jointly with Amsterdam Zuidas, Rotterdam, Groningen, and the Amsterdam ArenA area. In the psychological sub-project, we will study to what extent smart incentives can promote durable changes in a wide range of sustainable travel behaviours. We will examine the conditions under which smart incentives are likely to promote sustainable travel behaviour, and the processes that drive behaviour changes. We will study to what extent and how individual characteristics influence the effectiveness and acceptability of smart incentives. The project is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

Psychological, social and financial barriers to energy efficiency (PENNY)

This project aims to understand the behavioural mechanisms in energy efficiency, following an interdisciplinary behavioural science perspective. The project will study which psychological, social, economic, institutional and political factors influence energy efficiencyin the residential and industry sector. We wil consider energy use, invenstment in energy efficent products, as well as renovation of buildings. The project is funded bythe EU, Horizon2020.

Effective and acceptable energy management systems and user interfaces to match energy demand and supply

This project aims to develop an energy managing system and related user interface that can match demand and supply from various energy sources and that is likely to be adopted and properly employed by (potential) users. Future energy systems will integrate energy from various sources, that can be tailored to user preferences. To secure efficiency of the system, the system requires almost continuous decisions making. We will study the impact of user autonomy versus system automatisation in these decisions, as well as the effects of feedback to encourage energy conservation. We will collaborate with researchers from the faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University of Groningen, in order to design effective and acceptable user interfaces. The project is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

Smart Farmer Grid 2.0

This project aims to study the optimal design of a smart grid infrastructure in rural argicultural areas. We will study techonological, rural, social and behavioural aspects that promote the efficiency of rural smart energy infrastructures. The project is funded by the Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO).

Developing socially responsible innovations: The role of values and moral emotions

This project aims to develop an innovative emotion-based design perspective for socially responsible innovations that are acceptable and justifiable on ethical grounds. This is important considering the emotional controversies with regard to many societal challenges related to climate change, energy and resource use, and water and food security. Emotions are commonly seen as “irrational” in decision-making. Traditional approaches aim at inducing positive responses to innovations, but they typically neglect values and moral considerations underlying emotional responses, making these approaches less effective and even ethically dubious. We propose that people’s important values predict their emotional responses to innovations, which in turn drive public acceptability. Values and emotions can therefore play a constructive role in developing socially responsible innovations. Our perspective is relevant for many sectors and different (cultural) contexts, since we examine general ethical principles and emotional processes. Therefore, we collaborate with private partners that are active in different sectors where controversial innovations are being developed. We will develop guidelines on how to incorporate values and emotions in developing socially responsible innovations. This is pivotal for developing new governance models targeting socially responsible innovations. The project is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

Acceptability of a sustianable energy transition

This project aims to study which factors affect public support for a sustainable energy transition, including the acceptability of energy sources, sustainable energy technologies, energy infrastructures (including smart grids, and energy policies. We will study the role of individual factors (such as values, familiarity, knowledge) and contextual factors (including characteristics of energy sources, technologies, infrastructure, policies), as well as the role of fairness, justice, and compensation strategies. The projeect is funded by the Green Deal, a public-private partnership.

BeijIng Groningen Smart energy cities (BIGS)

Smart cities anticipate sustainable prosperity of their citizens. In order to accomplish this objective, the current development of cities is undergoing drastic technological shifts that need to be followed by innovative regulatory and behavioural changes with the final goal of increasing sustainability of cities. These changes require a strategy that integrates multiple disciplines and provides a comprehensive understanding and support from a psychological, technological and economic perspective. We propose an interdisciplinary framework that uses innovative and smart technologies to understand and promote sustainable use of energy and aid effective decisions by end-users. The project is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

Individual and contextual factors influencing recycling

This project aims to study how individual factors, such as perceived costs and benefits and moral motivations, and contextual factors, such as characteristics of waste collection systems, affect recycling behaivour. The project is part of a large multidisciplinary project on sustainable packages. The project is funded by TI Food and Nutrition.

The power of the neighbourhood: the success and spreading of bottom-up initiatives at the energy market

This project aims to examine individual and social factors influencing the success and spreading of local sustainable energy initiatives that encourage local residents to reduce their CO2 emissions by adopting renewable energy sources and engaging in energy saving behaviours. The project is funded by the Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO).

User behaviour and mobility patterns in the context of major societal trends

This project aims to investigate the current trends and needs in mobility within the EU. We will study to what extent the fulfilment of key psychological needs is accomplished by current mobility services among different groups in the EU (including the elderly), and what is needed to improve sustainable mobility among vulnerable road users. The project is funded by the EU, Horizon2020.

Realizing the smart grid: aligning consumer behaviour with technological opportunities

This project aims to examine which individual factors predict, explain, and influence consumer adoption and use of smart energy technologies that will result in a reduction of uncertainty in smart energy systems. The project is conducted by a multidisciplinary team of psychologists and innovations scientists. The project is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

Public support for gas production in the province of Groningen, The Netherlands

This project aims to examine people’s opinion about gas production in the province of Groningen, including perceptions and evaluations of risks and benefits of gas production, and trust in gas production companies and local and national governments.

Publictions based on this project:

Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2015). The influence of values on evaluations of energy alternatives. Renewable Energy, 77, 259-267.

Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2014). Contextual and psychological factors shaping evaluations and acceptability of energy alternatives: Integrated review and research agenda. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 35, 361-381.

Acceptability of gas in future energy systems

This project aims to study factors influencing the acceptability of gas in future energy systems. Among others, we consider the perceived advantages and disadvantages of gas now and in the future, and trust in gas production companies. The project is funded by the Topconsortia Knowledge and Innovation Gas (in Dutch: Topconsortia voor Kennis en Innovatie Gas) and Gasunie, the Netherlands.

Publictions based on this project:

Perlaviciute, G., Steg, L., & Hoekstra, E. J. (2016). Is gas perceived as sustainable? Insights from value-driven evaluations in the Netherlands. Energy Research & Social Science, 20, 55-62. doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2016.06.002

Smart grid - profitable for all

This project aims to develop and test innovative smart grid concepts that will promote the smart use of locally produced solar power and speed up the transition to sustainable renewable energy systems. We aim to facilitate households to manage their energy demand and supply as to optimise the use of locally generated solar power, which will ultimately reduce CO2 emissions. The project is funded by the municipalities of Utrecht and Amersfoort, and the province of Utrecht, and conducted by a large multidisciplinary team in which business organisations, consultants as well as scientists collaborate. For more information: http://www.smartgridtv.nl/

Publications based on this project:

Noppers, E.H., Keizer, K., Milovanovic, M., & Steg, L. (2016). The importance of instrumental, symbolic, and environmental attributes for the adoption of smart energy systems. Energy Policy, 98, 12-18. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.08.007

Van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2016). The psychology of participation and interest in smart energy systems: Comparing the value-belief-norm theory and the value-identity-personal norm model. Energy Research & Social Science, 22, 107-114. doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2016.08.022

Low Carbon at Work - LOCAW

LOCAW aims to advance our understanding of the drivers of and barriers to sustainable lifestyles by an integrative investigation of the determinants of everyday practices and behaviours within large scale organisations. We will study which societal, organisational and individual factors affect environmental behaviour at the workplace, and the relationship between environmental behaviours at work and at home.

LOCAW will examine large organizations in the public as well as the private sector, including light as well as heavy industry. The research will be undertaken in six countries: Italy, Romania, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands and the UK. The research will be undertaken by a multidisciplinary team working in the areas of psychology, sociology, geography, business studies, and artificial intelligence. LOCAW is funded by the European Union FP7 Programme. The total budget for this project add up to € 1,9 million. For more information: http://www.locaw-fp7.com/

Publications based on this project:

Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2013). What makes organizations in market democracies adopt environmentally-friendly policies?. In: A.H. Huffman & S.R. Klein (Eds.), Green Organizations: Driving Change with IO Psychology (pp. 93-114). New York, NY: Routledge.

Ruepert, A.M., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2015). Theoretical basis for organizational pro-environmental research. In: J.L. Robertson & J. Barling (Eds.), The psychology of green organizations (pp. 33-57). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Ruepert, A., Keizer, K., Steg, L., Maricchiolo, F., Carrus, G., Dumitru, A., García Mira, R., Stancu, A., & Moza, D. (2016). Environmental considerations in the organizational context: A pathway to pro-environmental behaviour at work. Energy Research & Social Science, 17, 59-70. doi:10.1016/j.erss.2016.04.004

Creating Innovative Sustainability Pathways - CRISP

CRISP seeks to identify potential pathways that will aid the EU towards the transition to a sustainable, low carbon Europe. To meet this challenge, CRISP reviews current policies and practical case studies to figure out where we are at the moment. We then plan to develop and evaluate alternative scenarios for the future so that we than can find ways in which we can bridge the gap between where we are today, and where specifically we want to be in the future. A key feature of CRISP is the involvement and participation with school pupils, as well as experts and individuals, companies and governments. We are funded by FP7, the European Union Framework 7 research programme and are a team of partners from Greece, Hungary, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway and UK.

For more information: http://www.crisp-futures.eu/

Publications based on this project:

Venhoeven, L.A., Bolderdijk, J.W., & Steg, L. (2013). Explaining the paradox: How pro-environmental behaviour can both thwart and foster well-being. Sustainability, 5, 1372-1386. doi:10.3390/su5041372.

Venhoeven, L.A., Bolderdijk, J.W., & Steg, L. (2016). Why acting environmentally-friendly feels good: Exploring the role of self-image. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1846. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01846

Venhoeven, L., Steg, L., & Bolderdijk, J.W. (2016). Can engagement in environmentally-friendly behavior increase well-being? In G. Fleury-Bahi, E. Pol, & O. Navarro (Eds.), Handbook of Environmental Psychology and quality of life research (pp. 229-237). Cham: Springer. DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-31416-7_13

MApping the contextual Conditions of REsilient Decentralized Energy Systems - MACREDES.

MACREDES studies factors influencing the promotion and success of decentralised energy systems and on the transition from a conventional to a more sustainable energy system. We will study technological, economic, social and spatial characteristics of decentralised energy systems in an integrated way. MACREDES is funded by the EDGaR (Energy Delta Gas Research) program.

For more information: http://www.edgar-program.com/

Publications based on this project:

Noppers, E.H., Keizer, K.E., Bolderdijk, J.W., & Steg, L. (2014). The adoption of sustainable innovations: driven by symbolic and environmental motives. Global Environmental Change, 25, 52-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.01.012

Leijten, F.R.M., Bolderdijk, J.W., Keizer, K., Gorsira, M., Van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2014). Factors that influence consumers’ acceptance of future energy systems: The effects of adjustment type, production level, and price. Energy Efficiency, 7, 973-985. DOI 10.1007/s12053-014-9271-9.

The feasibility and impact of the transition to electric mobility in the Randstad

This project aims to understand barriers and enablers for the transition to electric cars. We will address two main questions:

1. To what extent is a transition to electric vehicles acceptable to consumers, and how will such a transition influence car ownership and car use? (Project 1).

2. Which factors are of crucial importance for the position of non-consumer stakeholders with respect to electric vehicles, and which policy strategies could stimulate these actors to cooperate so as to realize a successful introduction of electric vehicles? (Project 2).

The project is conducted by a multidisciplinary team of economists, psychologists, and transport policy researchers. The project is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). For more information: http://www.nwo.nl/nwohome.nsf/pages/NWOP_8A7JF7

Publications based on this project:

Bockarjova, M., Knockaert, J., Rietveld, P., & Steg, L. (2015). De (toe)komst van elektrische auto’s in Nederland: voorkeuren van consumenten door het adoptieproces heen. Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap, 51 (2), 40-67.

Bockarjova, M., & Steg, L. (2014). Can Protection Motivation Theory predict pro-environmental behavior? Explaining the adoption of electric vehicles in the Netherlands. Global Environmental Change, 28, 276-288. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.06.010

Noppers, E., Keizer, K.E., Bockarjova, M., & Steg, L. (2015). The adoption of sustainable innovations: The role of instrumental, environmental, and symbolic attributes for earlier and later adopters. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 44, 74-84. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.09.002

Electric vehicles: early stage adoption processes

Most research in the area of Electrical Vehicles (EVs) focuses on technical issues like battery capacity and charging systems. Much less attention is paid to the links between EVs and the wider society, including non-technical issues. In this proposal we focus on the early stages of (potential) market penetration of EVs, and in particular the role of early adopters (consumers and others). We aim (1) to understand the behaviour of crucial actors for the market introduction of EVs (2) to identify barriers and enablers for innovations in the first stage (3) to identify the role of actors in the ‘environment’ of early adopters (e.g. governments, firms, consumers), for these enablers and barriers. Project 1 “innovation transitions from an economic perspective” focuses on the behaviour of early adopters from an (evolutionary) economic systems perspective. Project 2 “innovation transitions from a behavioural-psychological perspective” studies the motivational factors influencing early adoption. Project 3 “the environment of early adopters from an innovation’s perspective” examines the role of crucial actors in the ‘environment’ of early adopters from the perspective of dynamic enablers and barriers’. Project 4, the integrative project, translates the findings to innovation theory, and to the EV arena, wider society and policy makers. We will use insights and approaches from innovation theories, evolutionary economics, several psychological theories (including the theory of the meaning of material possessions and goal framing theory), political economy, and management theories. Methods used include literature research, joint questionnaires, interviews, analysis of innovations in the past, modelling, and actor analysis.

Publications based on this project:

Tailored information technology to reduce residential energy use

This project aims to study effective ways to reduce household energy use via, taking into account thermal comfort, energy use behaviour, and technology, and their interactions. Also, we will study important preconditions for the effective introduction of monitoring and control technologies to manage household energy use. Among others, we will study the effects of different types of feedback on household energy use.

The project is conducted by a team of human biologists, technologists, and psychologists. The project is funded by AgentschapNL, EOS Long term research projects

For more information: http://www.agentschapnl.nl/content/intewon-individu-gerichte-informatie-technologie-voor-energiezuinig-wonen

Publications based on this project:

Taufik, D., Bolderdijk, J.W., & Steg, L. (2015). Acting green elicits a literal ‘warm glow’. Nature Climate Change, 5, 37-40. doi:10.1038/nclimate2449.

Taufik, D., Bolderdijk, J.W., & Steg, L. (2016). Going green? The relative importance of feelings over calculation in driving environmental intent in the Netherlands and the United States. Energy Research & Social Science, 22, 52-62. doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2016.08.012

Psychological aspects of future electricity supply: the role of Smart Storage

This project aimed to study factors influencing the acceptability of future renewable energy supply, and the acceptability of smart control systems. The project was funded by Alliander, the total budget was € 65,000.

Publications based on this project:

Bolderdijk, J.W., Gorsira, M., Keizer, K., & Steg, L. (2013). Values determine the (in)effectiveness of informational interventions in promoting pro-environmental behavior. PLoS ONE, 8 (12): e83911. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083911.

Evaluation of energy-efficient street lighting

This project aimed to study the effects of energy-efficient (i.e., LED) street lighting on preceived safety, and the acceptability of energy efficient street lighting. The project was funded by the municipality of Assen, the total budget was € 65,000.

Publications based on this project:

Boomsma, C., & Steg, L. (2014). Feeling safe in the dark: Examining the effect of entrapment, lighting levels, and gender on feelings of safety and lighting policy acceptability. Environment and Behavior, 46 (2), 193-212. DOI: 10.1177/0013916512453838.

Boomsma, C., & Steg, L. (2014). The effect of information and values on acceptability of reduced street lighting Journal of Environmental Psychology, 39, 22-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.11.004.

Innovative Pricing for Sustainable Mobility - i-PriSM

This research investigates how innovative pricing can contribute to achieving a more sustainable transport system, taking a broad perspective that encompasses multiple modes (notably road and public transport), multiple technologies within a mode ( e.g. electric vs. conventional fuel cars ), multiple actors (travellers and major stakeholders), and interactions between infrastructure and urban networks; and that considers the implementation and transition phase explicitly. This study takes a systems perspective. For effects assessment this includes transport-specific issues like interactions between road and public transport performance and pricing, but also mutual interactions with spatial urban markets (labour, housing, location). For acceptability research, this includes the explicit consideration of (strategic) behaviour of lobby groups, (local) governments, and other institutions. And for studying price setting, this involves the consideration of multiple (local or national) governments and/or multiple private road operators, competing on the same network.

The project is conducted by a multidisciplinary team of economists, psychologists, and transport researchers. The project is funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

For more information: http://www.nwo.nl/nwohome.nsf/pages/NWOP_7YJBF3

Publications based on this project:

Bolderdijk, J.W., Van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2016). De psychologische effecten van prijsprikkels. Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap, 52 (1), 3-17.

Bolderdijk, J.W., & Steg, L. (2015). Promoting sustainable consumption: The risks of using financial incentives. In: L.A. Reisch & J. Thøgersen (Eds.), Handbook of research in sustainable consumption (pp. 328-342). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

Governance, Infrastructure, Lifestyle Dynamics and Energy Demand: European post-carbon communities - GILDED

The overall goal of GILDED is to identify social, economic, cultural and political changes which could help rural and urban households in Europe consume less energy. While technological innovation can make low-carbon energy sources economically and environmentally viable, their impact in reducing carbon-intensive energy use will depend critically on broad public and political commitment to such a reduction. GILDED will target socio-economic, cultural and political influences on individual and household energy consumption through five regional case studies. Each case study focuses on a medium-sized city along with nearby rural areas. Investigating individuals’ lifestyle choices and their understanding of energy issues will provide insights into patterns of energy-related behaviours characterising emergent lifestyle types, and the particular drivers impacting on consumption decisions. The social, cultural and political contexts in which these behaviours are embedded will be addressed through analysis of the structural factors and actors (from local to EU level), including governance networks, physical environments, and materialized and institutionalized transport and provisioning networks. This combined ‘top down’ and ‘bottom-up’ perspective on household consumption will be utilised to inform the analysis of an energy-reduction initiative or experiment in each case study region. Principles derived from the lifestyle, structural and initiative studies will be utilised to structure agent-based models of policy implementation and change response.

GILDED is a three year collaborative research project funded through European Union Framework Programme Seven, running from December 2008-2011. For more information: www.gildedeu.org

Publications based on this project:

Van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2015). One model to predict them all: Predicting energy behaviours with the norm activation model. Energy Research & Social Science, 6, 8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2014.11.002

Van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K.E. (2013). It is a moral issue: The relationship between environmental self-identity, obligation-based intrinsic motivation and pro-environmental behaviour. Global Environmental Change, 23, 1258-1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.018.

Van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K.E. (2013). The value of environmental self-identity: The relationship between biospheric values, environmental self-identity and environmental preferences, intentions and behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 34, 55-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.12.006.

Van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2014). Follow the signal: When past pro-environmental actions signal who you are. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 273-282. DOI 10.1016/jenvp.2014.07.004

Van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K.E. (2014). I am what I am, by looking past the present: The influence of biospheric values and past behaviour on environmental self-identity. Environment and Behavior, 46 (5), 626-657. DOI: 10.1177/0013916512475209.

Barriers for energy changes among end consumers and households - BARENERGY

The EU project BARENERGY aims to identify the relevance and strengths of various barriers for energy behaviour changes among end consumers and households, and to discuss how activities from political authorities, energy producers and NGOs can overcome these barriers.

It will address changes in consumer behaviour along two dimensions. The first is energy saving and improvement of energy efficiency within households, the second is changes toward more sustainable and renewable energy technologies. It is also concerned about the relationship between these three strategies; turn down and switch off, the purchase of energyefficient appliances, and shift to (more) sustainable energy carriers. BARENERGY combines an individual and institutional approach. This means that individual and household energy behaviour and changes in this behaviour can only be understood by countries with a substantial variation in institutional structure considering individual values, attitudes, norms and knowledge among individuals together with the context in which this behaviour takes place. For this reason, countries with a substantial variation in institutional structure, such as variations in energy providers, were chosen.

Barenergy was funded by the European Commission, FP7, and conducted by a multidisciplinary team with researchers from Norway, France, Hungary, the Netherlands, Switzerland and the UK.

For more information: http://www.barenergy.eu

Publications based on this project:

De Groot, J.I.M., Steg, L., Keizer, M., Farsang, A., & Watt, A. (2012). Environmental values in post-socialist Hungary: Is it useful to distinguish egoistic, altruistic and biospheric values? Czech Sociological Review , 48 (3),421-440.

Acceptability and perceived risks and benefits of nuclear energy

This project aimed to study the acceptability of nuclear energy in the Netherlands, and the perceived risks and benefits of nuclear energy. We particularly considered how values affect the perceived risks and benefits, and which factors predict the likelihood that people engage in collective action to promote or prevent the use of nuclear energy.

Publications based on this project:

De Groot, J.I.M., Steg, L., & Poortinga, W. (2013). Values, perceived risks and benefits, and acceptability of nuclear energy. Risk Analysis, 33 (2), 307-317. DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01845.x

De Groot, J.I.M., & Steg, L. (2010). Morality and nuclear energy: Perceptions of risks and benefits, personal norms and willingness to take action related to nuclear energy. Risk Analysis, 30, 1363-1373.

Pay as you drive

This project aimed to study the acceptability and effects of a pay-as-you-drive vehicle insurance from an integrated multidisciplinary perspective. The project was funded by Transumo and conducted by a multidisciplinary team of economists, psychologists, and transport researchers.

Publications based on this project:

Bolderdijk, J.W., Steg, L., Geller, E.S., Lehman, P.K., & Postmes, T. (2013). Comparing the effectiveness of monetary versus moral motives in environmental campaigning. Nature Climate Change, 3, 413-416. DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1767.

Bolderdijk, J.W., Knockaert, J., Steg, E.M., & Verhoef, E.T. (2011). Effects of Pay-As-You-Drive vehicle insurance on young drivers’ speed choice: Results of a Duch field experiment . Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43, 1181-1186.

Bolderdijk, J.W., Steg, L., & Postmes, T. (2013). Fostering support for work floor energy conservation policies: Accounting for privacy concerns. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34, 195–210.

A multi-disciplinary study of pricing policies in transport - MD-PIT

This project aimed at providing a theoretical and empirical evaluation of the direct and indirect effects of practically possible transport pricing policies from a multidisciplinary perspective. The effects studied included behavioural responses and their consequences, also from a spatial and a network perspective, as well as acceptability issues of various pricing and tax recycling schemes. The evaluation included the derivation and formulation of policy implications. Specific features of the project included the focus on dynamic aspects (both short and long run), the recognition of heterogeneity (i.e. the consideration of different groups), and the explicit choice for a network and spatial perspective.

The project was conducted by a multidisciplinary team of economists, psychologists, and transport researchers and funded by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO).

For more information: http://www.feweb.vu.nl/nl/afdelingen-en-instituten/spatial-economics/i-prism/related-projects/md-pit/index.asp

Publications based on this project:

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & Van Kruining, M. (2011). When are transport policies fair and acceptable? The role of six fairness principles. Social Justice Research, 24, 66-84.

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & Rothengatter, J.A. (2010). Relationship between the acceptability, personal outcome expectations and the expected effects of transport pricing policies. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 587-593.

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & Forward, S. (2010).Explaining differences in acceptability before and acceptance after the implementation of a congestion charge in Stockholm. Transportation Research-A: Policy and Practice, 44, 99-109.

Schuitema, G., & Steg, L. (2010). Een psychologisch perspectief op prijsbeleid in verkeer en vervoer. Een terug- en vooruitblik na 7 jaar (A psychological perspective on pricing policies in traffic and transport. Looking back and ahead after 7 years). Tijdschrift Vervoersswetenschap (Journal of Transport Science), 46, 122-123.

Schuitema, G., & Steg, L. (2008). The role of revenue use in the acceptability of transport pricing policies. Transportation Research F: Psychology and Behaviour, 11, 221-231.

Steg, L., Tillema, T., Van Wee, B., & Schuitema, G. (2008). Firms’ perception and acceptability of transport pricing. In: E. Verhoef, B. Van Wee, L. Steg, & M. Bliemer (Eds.), Pricing in road transport: A multi-disciplinary perspective (pp. 250-269). Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar.

Steg, L., Verhoef, E., Bliemer, M., & Van Wee, B. (2008). Introduction. In: E. Verhoef, B. Van Wee, L. Steg, & M. Bliemer (Eds.), Pricing in road transport: A multi-disciplinary perspective (pp. 1-5). Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar.

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & Vlek, C. (2007). Are pricing policies effective to change car use? IATSS Research, 31 (1), 21-31.

Steg, L., & Schuitema, G. (2007). Behavioural responses to transport pricing: a theoretical analysis. In: T. Gärling & L. Steg (Eds.), Threats to the quality of urban life from car traffic: problems, causes, and solutions (pp. 347-366). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Steg, L., Verhoef, E., Bliemer, M., Joksimovic, D., Schuitema, G., Tillema, T., Ubbels, B., Van Amelsfort, D., & Van Wee, B. (2006). Een multidisciplinair perspectief op prijsbeleid in verkeer en vervoer: MD PIT (A multi-disciplinary study of pricing policies in transport: MD PIT). Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap (Journal of Transport Science), 42 (2), 26-32.

Steg, L., & Schuitema, G. (2003). Een psychologisch perspectief op prijsbeleid in verkeer en vervoer (A psychological perspective on transport pricing). Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap (Journal of Transport Science), 39 (4), 23-28.

Assess implementations in the frame of the Cities-of-Tomorrow Programme

The main objective of ASI was to provide knowledge about the practice of life quality assessment by different disciplines in connection with different types of public measures in the area of town planning and design, transportation and mobility.

The project was funded by the European Commission, FP5, and conducted by a team of researchers from Austria, the Czech Republic, Italy, Sweden, and the Netherlands.

For more information: http://www.factum.at/asi/

Publications based on this project:

De Groot, J., & Steg, L. (2008). Value orientations to explain beliefs related to environmental significant behavior: How to measure egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric value orientations. Environment and Behavior, 40 (3), 330-354.

Steg, L., & De Groot, J.I.M. (2008). Transport planning and quality of life. In: U. Becker, J. Böhmer & R. Gerike (Eds.), How to define and measure access and need satisfaction in transport (pp.79-94). Dresden: Dresder Institut für Verkehr und Umwelt e.V.

Steg, L., De Groot, J., Forward, S., Kaufmann, C., Risser, R., Schmeidler, K., Martincigh, L., & Urbani, L. (2007). Assessing life quality in transport planning and urban design: definition, operationalisation, assessment and implementation. In: S. Marshall & D. Banister (Eds.), Land use and transport. European research towards integrated policies (pp. 217-243). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

De Groot, J., & Steg, L. (2007b). Value orientations and environmental beliefs in five countries: Validity of an instrument to measure egoistic, altruistic and biospheric value orientations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38 (3), 318-332.

De Groot, J., & Steg, L. (2006a). Impact of transport pricing on quality of life, acceptability, and intentions to reduce car use: an explorative study in five European countries. Journal of Transport Geography, 14 (6), 463-470.

De Groot, J., & Steg, L. (2006b). The role of value orientations in evaluating quality of life consequences of a transport pricing policy. Transportation Research Part D, 11 (2), 160-165.

Reducing household energy use via tailoring

This project aimed at studying the effects of tailored information and feedack, provided by an interactive website, would be effective in realising household energy savings.

The project was conducted by a multidisciplinary team of energy scientists, computer scientists, and psychologists, and funded by the Dutch Knowledge Centre for Energy and the Environment (NOVEM).

Publications based on this project:

Abrahamse, W., & Steg, L. (2011). Factors related to household energy use and intention to reduce it: The role of psychological and socio-demographic variables. Human Ecology Review, 18 (1), 30-40.

Abrahamse, W., Steg, L., Vlek, Ch., Rothengatter, T. (2005). A review of intervention studies aimed at household energy conservation. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25, 273-291.

Promoting household energy savings: The influence of information, feedback and commitment on household energy use

This projected was aimed at studying the effect of information, feedback and commitment on household energy savings, psychological backgrounds, and individual quality of life.

The project was conducted by a multidisciplinary team of energy scientists, computer scientists, and psychologists, and funded by the Dutch Knowledge Centre for Energy and the Environment (NOVEM).

Publications based on this project:

Abrahamse, W., & Steg, L. (2009). How do socio-demographic and psychological factors relate to households’ direct and indirect energy use and savings? Journal of Economic Psychology, 30, 711-720.

Abrahamse, W., Steg, L., Vlek, Ch., Rothengatter, T. (2007). The effect of tailored information, goal setting and tailored feedback on household energy use, energy-related behaviors and behavioral antecedents. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27, 265-276.

Symbolic and affective motives for car use

Three successive research aimed at studying the significance of symbolic and affective motives for car use. The projects were funded by the Transport Research Centre of the Dutch Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management and by the Dutch Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment.

Publications based on this project:

Steg, L. (2005). Car use: lust and must. Instrumental, symbolic and affective motives for car use. Transportation Research-A, 39 (2-3), 147-162.

Steg, L. (2004). Car use: lust and must. In: T. Rothengatter & R.D. Huguenin (Eds.), Traffic and transport psychology: theory and application (pp. 443-452) Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Steg, L., Vlek, C., & Slotegraaf, G. (2001). Instrumental-reasoned and symbolic-affective motives for using a motor car. Transportation Research-F: Psychology and Behaviour, 4 (3), 151-169.

Steg, L., & Vlek, C. (1999). Autogebruik: must en lust. Instrumentele en affectieve motieven voor autogebruik (Car use: must and lust. Instrumental and affective motives for car use). Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap (Journal of Transport Science), 4 , 303-322.

Teaching

Master Environmental Psychology at the University of Groningen

Learn more

From September 2016, you can enrol in the Master programme Environmental Psychology at the University of Groningen.

Climate change is seen as the greatest threat to our future and that of generations to come (Obama, 2015). In recognition of this threat, almost 200 nations agreed to combat environmental problems. It is widely acknowledged that social sciences have an important role to play in this respect. To combat climate change, it is crucial to understand what motivates people to act pro-environmentally, and which strategies are effective and acceptable to encourage pro-environmental actions. In the Master programme “Environmental Psychology”, students acquire knowledge and skills that enable them to understand the human dimension of environmental and energy problems. After completing the programme, students are able to develop, test and apply theories in the field of Environmental Psychology and to examine the effects and acceptability of theory-based interventions to enhance environmental quality. Career prospects include, among others, pursuing a PhD in Environmental Psychology, conducting research at an institute for applied sciences, consultancy on environmental issues, environmental communication and education, policy advisor or environmental policy making, and behavioural expert in environmental or energy organisations.

Bachelor courses

Applied Social Psychology (B2-4)

This course gives an overview of how social psychological theories and methods can be applied to understand and change social behaviour. We will discuss the possible contributions of social psychologists to help solve social problems in various domains, among which education, ethnic minorities, environment, health care, traffic and transport, consumer behaviour, economic behaviour, political behaviour, and organisational behaviour. We will demonstrate how interventions aimed at behaviour change can be developed, implemented and evaluated based on social psychological theories and research.

Literature: Steg, L., Buunk, A.P., & Rothengatter, J.A. (Eds., 2008). Applied social psychology: understanding and managing social problems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Literature: Reader with selected papers.

Instructors: Linda Steg and others

Coordinator: Linda Steg

Credits: 5 ECTS

Period: block 2b.

Consumer and economic psychology

This course examines the psychological processes underlying economic and consumer behaviour and discusses individual, social and cultural factors that influence these processes. Effects of information and experiences with products and services on affect (emotions), cognitions (beliefs and judgements) and behaviour (purchase decisions and consumption-related practices) are discussed. We demonstrate that economic theories are often not accurate in explaining everyday behaviour, and why individuals often not make ‘rational’ decisions.

Literature: Reader with selected papers.

Instructors: Berfu Unal, Linda Steg and others

Coordinator: Linda Steg

Credits: 5 ECTS

Period: block 1b.

2017

Venhoeven, L., Steg, E., & Bolderdijk, J. W. (2017). Can engagement in environmentally-friendly behavior increase well-being? In G. Fleury-Bahi, E. Pol, & O. Navarro (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology and quality of life research. (pp. 229-237). (International Handbooks of Quality-of-Life). Springer International Publishing.

Perlaviciute, G., Steg, E., Hoekstra, E., & Vrieling, L. (2017). Perceived risks, emotions, and policy preferences: A longitudinal survey among the local population on gas quakes in the Netherlands. Energy Research & Social Science, 1-11.

2016

Taufik, D., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2016). Going green? The relative importance of feelings over calculation in driving environmental intent in the Netherlands and the United States. Energy Research & Social Science, 22, 52-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2016.08.012

van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2016). The psychology of participation and interest in smart energy systems: Comparing the value-belief-norm theory and the value-identity-personal norm model. Energy Research & Social Science, 22, 107-114. DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2016.08.022

Venhoeven, L. A., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2016). Why Acting Environmentally-Friendly Feels Good: Exploring the Role of Self-Image. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, [1846]. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01846

Noppers, E. H., Keizer, K., Milovanovic, M., & Steg, L. (2016). The importance of instrumental, symbolic, and environmental attributes for the adoption of smart energy systems. Energy Policy, 98, 12-18. DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.08.007

Steg, L. (2016). Values, Norms, and Intrinsic Motivation to Act Proenvironmentally. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 41, 277-292. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-environ-110615-085947

Bhushan, N., Albers, C., & Steg, L. (2016). Detecting patterns in household electricity consumption after behavioural interventions. Abstract from 4th European Conference on Behaviour and Energy Efficiency, Coimbra, Portugal.

Ruepert, A., Keizer, K., Steg, L., Maricchiolo, F., Carrus, G., Dumitru, A., … Moza, D. (2016). Environmental considerations in the organizational context: A pathway to pro-environmental behaviour at work. Energy Research & Social Science, 17, 59-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2016.04.004

Peters, A. M., van der Werff, E., & Steg, E. (2016). The other side of the coin: The relationship between motives for smart technology adoption and subsequent sustainable energy behaviours.. Abstract from VILM Summerschool 2016 Environmental Psychology, Vilm Island, Germany.

Bain, P. G., Milfont, T. L., Kashima, Y., Bilewicz, M., Doron, G., Gardarsdottir, R. B., … Saviolidis, N. M. (2016). Co-benefits of addressing climate change can motivate action around the world. Nature climate change, 6(2), 154-157. DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2814

Bain, P. G., Milfont, T. L., Kashima, Y., Bilewicz, M., Doron, G., Gararsdóttir, R. B., … Saviolidis, N. M. (2016). Corrigendum: Co-benefits of addressing climate change can motivate action around the world (Nature Climate Change (2016) 6 (154-157)). Nature climate change, 6(5), 538. DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2990

Clayton, S., Devine-Wright, P., Swim, J., Bonnes, M., Steg, L., Whitmarsh, L., & Carrico, A. (2016). Expanding the Role for Psychology in Addressing Environmental Challenges. American Psychologist, 71(3), 199-215. DOI: 10.1037/a0039482

van der Werff, E., Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2016). Transition to smart grids: A psychological perspective. In A. Beaulieu, J. de Wilde, & J. M. A. Scherpen (Eds.), Smart grids from a global perspective: Bridging old and new energy systems. (pp. 43-62). (Power systems). Cham: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28077-6_4

Steg, L. (2016). Behaviour: Seeing heat saves energy. Nature Energy, 1, 1-2. [15013].

Bolderdijk, J. W., van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2016). De psychologische effecten van prijsprikkels. Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap, 52(1), 3-17.

Steg, L., Hindriks, F., & Jans, L. (2016). Grenzen van regels. In Dromen over Groningen 2050: Vriendenboek Max van den Berg. (pp. 75-77). Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.

Steg, L., Lindenberg, S., & Keizer, K. (2016). Intrinsic motivation, norms and environmental behaviour: The dynamics of overarching goals. International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics, 9(1-2), 179-207. DOI: 10.1561/101.00000077

Abrahamse, W., Schulz, P. W., & Steg, L. (2016). Research designs for environmental psychology: Research Methods for Environmental Psychology . In R. Grifford (Ed.), Research Methods for Environmental Psychology . (pp. 53-71). Wiley-Blackwell.

Joye, Y., Steg, L., Ünal, A. B., & Pals, R. (2016). When Complex Is Easy on the Mind: Internal Repetition of Visual Information in Complex Objects Is a Source of Perceptual Fluency. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Human Perception and Performance, 42(1), 103-114. DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000105

2015

Peters, A. M., van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2015). Smart energy technology adoption: Identity has many faces. Abstract from 11th Biennial Conference on Environmental Psychology, Groningen, Netherlands.

Steg, L., Perlaviciute, G., & van der Werff, E. (2015). Understanding the human dimensions of a sustainable energy transition. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, [805]. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00805

Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2015). The influence of values on evaluations of energy alternatives. Renewable Energy, 77, 259-267. DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2014.12.020

Taufik, D., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2015). Acting green elicits a literal warm glow. Nature climate change, 5(1), 37-40. DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2449

Keizer, K., Noppers, E. H., & Steg, L. (2015). De onderschatte rol van symbolische attributen in de adoptie van elekrische auto’s. Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap, 51(2), 25-39.

van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2015). One model to predict them all: Predicting energy behaviours with the norm activation model. Energy Research & Social Science, 6, 8-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.erss.2014.11.002

Clayton, S., Devine-Wright, P., Stern, P., Whitmarsch, L., Carrico, A., Steg, L., … Bonnes, M. (2015). Psychological research and global climate change. Nature climate change, 5, 640-646. DOI: 10.1038/nclimate2622

Noppers, E. H., Keizer, K., Bockarjova, M., & Steg, L. (2015). The adoption of sustainable innovations: The role of instrumental, environmental, and symbolic attributes for earlier and later adopters. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 44, 74-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.09.002

Ruepert, A., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2015). Theoretical basis for organizational pro-environmental research. In J. L. Robertson, & J. Barling (Eds.), The psychology of green organizations. (pp. 33-57). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2014

Jakovcevic, A., Steg, L., Mazzeo, N., Caballero, R., Franco, P., Putrino, N., & Favara, J. (2014). Charges for plastic bags: Motivational and behavioral effects. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 372-380. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.09.004

Leijten, F. R. M., Bolderdijk, J. W., Keizer, K., Gorsira, M., van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2014). Factors that influence consumers’ acceptance of future energy systems: the effects of adjustment type, production level, and price. Energy Efficiency, 7(6), 973-985. DOI: 10.1007/s12053-014-9271-9

van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2014). Follow the signal: When past pro-environmental actions signal who you are. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 273-282. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.07.004

Pals, R., Steg, L., Dontje, J., Siero, F. W., & van der Zee, K. I. (2014). Physical features, coherence and positive outcomes of person-environment interactions: A virtual reality study. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 108-116. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.05.004

Milovanovic, M., Steg, E., & Spears, R. (2014). Behavioural change in an urban smart-grid community. Abstract from GESP annual research day, Groningen, Netherlands.

Hoekstra, E., Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. Uw mening over gaswinning uit het Groningen-gasveld: Onderzoeksresultaten fase 2

Schouten, T. M., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). Framing car fuel efficiency: linearity heuristic for fuel consumption and fuel-efficiency ratings. Energy Efficiency, 7(5), 891-901. DOI: 10.1007/s12053-014-9260-z

Dogan, E., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). Making Small Numbers Count: Environmental and Financial Feedback in Promoting Eco-driving Behaviours. Journal of Consumer Policy, 37(3), 413-422. DOI: 10.1007/s10603-014-9259-z

Boomsma, C., & Steg, L. (2014). The effect of information and values on acceptability of reduced street lighting. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 39, 22-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.11.004

Milovanovic, M., Steg, L., & Spears, R. (2014). Testing interventions in a smart grid project. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Hiratsuka, J., Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2014). A systematic comparison of the influence of values on evaluations of fossil, nuclear and renewable energy in Japan. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Hoekstra, E. J., Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2014). Acceptability of natural gas within current and future energy systems: The role of trust . Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Steg, L. (2014). Environmental Psychology’s Contribution to Sustainable Consumption Research. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Keizer, K., Lindenberg, S., Steg, L., Veldstra, J., & Hoekstra, E. (2014). Higher-ups as influential norm violators. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Venhoeven, L. A., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). Pro-environmental behavior as a self-signal: How seeing yourself as a “good” person may increase well-being. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Ruepert, A. M., Keizer, K., & Steg, L. (2014). Self-control and pro-environmental behaviour in the organisational context. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Taufik, D., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). Signaling feedback: How signaling you are “green”, may make you act more like it . Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Ünal, A. B., de Waard, D., Epstude, K., & Steg, L. (2014). The influence of music on driving performance in monotonous environments. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

van der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2014). The risk of highlighting financial benefits of pro-environmental actions. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2014). Value-driven evalutions of energy alternatives. Abstract from The 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France.

Steg, L. (2014). Environmental psychology and sustainable consumption. In L. Reisch, & J. Thogersen (Eds.), Handbook of research in sustainable consumption . (pp. 70-83). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. DOI: 10.4337/9781783471270.00012

Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). Promoting sustainable consumption: The risks of using financial incentives. In L. A. Reisch, & J. Thøgersen (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Sustainable Consumption. (pp. 328-342). Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. DOI: 10.4337/9781783471270.00033

Steg, L., Bolderdijk, J. W., Keizer, K., & Perlaviciute, G. (2014). An integrated framework for encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: The role of values, situational factors and goals. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 38, 104-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.01.002

Van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2014). I Am What I Am, by Looking Past the Present: The Influence of Biospheric Values and Past Behavior on Environmental Self-Identity. Environment and Behavior, 46(5), 626-657. DOI: 10.1177/0013916512475209

Ruepert, A., Keizer, K., & Steg, L. (2014). Combating ego-depletion: Do strong biospheric values and moral situational cues result in sustained pro-environmental behavior?. Poster session presented at Poster presented at the Kurt Lewin Institute Conference 2014, Zeist, Netherlands.

Keizer, K., Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2014). Doing field studies. What is it all about? Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 17(3), 404-410. DOI: 10.1177/1368430213510750

Hoekstra, E., Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. Uw mening over gaswinning uit het Groningen-gasveld: Onderzoeksresultaten fase 1

Milovanovic, M., Steg, L., & Spears, R. (2014). Future energy communities: How community norms shape adoption and acceptability of smart energy systems. Poster session presented at 2014 Heymans Symposium, Groningen, Netherlands.

Noppers, E. H., Keizer, K., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). The adoption of sustainable innovations: Driven by symbolic and environmental motives. Global Environmental Change, 25, 52-62. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.01.012

Boomsma, C., & Steg, L. I. (2014). Feeling Safe in the Dark: Examining the Effect of Entrapment, Lighting Levels, and Gender on Feelings of Safety and Lighting Policy Acceptability. Environment and Behavior, 46(2), 193-212. DOI: 10.1177/0013916512453838

Steg, L., Perlaviciute, G., van der Werff, E., & Lurvink, J. (2014). The Significance of Hedonic Values for Environmentally Relevant Attitudes, Preferences, and Actions. Environment and Behavior, 46(2), 163-192. DOI: 10.1177/0013916512454730

Joye, Y., Pals, R., Steg, L., & Lewis-Evans, B. (2014). Correction: New methods for assessing the fascinating nature of nature experiences. PLoS ONE, 9(1), [e65332]. DOI: 10.1371/annotation/b4b68a93-1449-4df7-9788-6abe0cbbf6a0, 10.1371/journal.pone.0065332

Venhoeven, L., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). Can engagement in environmentally-friendly behavior increase well-being?. Poster session presented at 7th European Conference on Positive Psychology, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Polhill, G., Craig, T., Alonso-Betanzos, A., Sanchez-Maroño, N., Fontenia-Romero, Ó., Dumitru, A., … García-Mira, R. (2014). Empirical agent-based modelling of everyday pro-environmental behaviours at work. In D. P. Ames, N. W. T. Quinn, & A. E. Rizzoli (Eds.), Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software: Bold Visions for Environmental Modeling. (Vol. 4, pp. 1889-1897)

Venhoeven, L., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). Pro-environmental behavior: How a meaningful contribution can help increase well-being. Poster session presented at Kurt Lewin Institute Conference, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Veldstra, J., Keizer, K., Steg, L., & Lindenberg, S. (2014). Sincere sanctioning: a driving simulator study on how illegitimate sanctions influence rule compliance’ . Abstract from International Conference of Applied Psychology , Paris, France.

Venhoeven, L., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2014). What is feasible does not necessarily bring satisfaction: Expected life satisfaction in and feasibility of different sustainable future scenarios. . Poster session presented at 2014 Heymans Symposium, Groningen, Netherlands.

2013

Bolderdijk, J. W., Gorsira, M., Keizer, K. E., & Steg, L. (2013). Values Determine the (In) Effectiveness of Informational Interventions in Promoting Pro-Environmental Behavior. PLoS ONE, 8(12), [83911]. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083911

2013

Abrahamse, W., & Steg, L. (2013). Social influence approaches to encourage resource conservation: A meta-analysis. Global Environmental Change, 23(6), 1773-1785. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.029

Unal, A. B., de Waard, D., Epstude, K., & Steg, L. (2013). Driving with music: Effects on arousal and performance. Transportation Research. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 21, 52-65. DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2013.09.004

van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2013). It is a moral issue: The relationship between environmental self-identity, obligation-based intrinsic motivation and pro-environmental behaviour. Global Environmental Change, 23(5), 1258-1265. DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.018

Milovanovic, M., Steg, E., & Spears, R. (2013). Future energy communities: How community norms shape individual adoption and acceptability of sustainable energy systems. Abstract from 10th Biennial Conference on Environmental Psychology, Magdeburg, Germany.

Jakovcevic, A., & Steg, L. (2013). Sustainable transportation in Argentina: Values, beliefs, norms and car use reduction. Transportation Research. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 20, 70-79. DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2013.05.005

Joye, Y., Pals, R., Steg, L., & Evans, B. L. (2013). New Methods for Assessing the Fascinating Nature of Nature Experiences. PLoS ONE, 8(7), [65332]. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065332

Keizer, K., Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2013). The Importance of Demonstratively Restoring Order. PLoS ONE, 8(6), [65137]. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065137

van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2013). The value of environmental self-identity: The relationship between biospheric values, environmental self-identity and environmental preferences, intentions and behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 34, 55-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.12.006

Bolderdijk, J. W., Steg, L., Geller, E. S., Lehman, P. K., & Postmes, T. (2013). Comparing the effectiveness of monetary versus moral motives in environmental campaigning. Nature climate change, 3(4), 413-416. DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1767

Venhoeven, L., Bolderdijk, J. W., & Steg, L. (2013). Explaining the paradox: How pro-environmental behaviour can both thwart and foster well-being. Sustainability, 5(4), 1372-1386. DOI: 10.3390/su5041372

Bolderdijk, J. W., Steg, L., & Postmes, T. (2013). Fostering support for work floor energy conservation policies: Accounting for privacy concerns. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(2), 195-210. DOI: 10.1002/job.1831

de Groot, J. I. M., Steg, L., & Poortinga, W. (2013). Values, Perceived Risks and Benefits, and Acceptability of Nuclear Energy. Risk Analysis, 33(2), 307-317. DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01845.x

Unal, A. B., Platteel, S., Steg, L., & Epstude, K. (2013). Blocking-out auditory distracters while driving: A cognitive strategy to reduce task-demands on the road. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 50, 934-942. DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.07.020

Keizer, K., Polhill, ., Ruepert, A., Steg, L., Craig, ., Alonso-Betanzos, ., … Garcia-Mira, . (2013). Agent‐based modelling of theories of everyday proenvironmental behavior. Abstract from 10th Biennial Conference on Environmental Psychology, Magdeburg, Germany.

van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2013). Follow the signal: When past pro-environmental actions strengthen environmental self-identity. Paper presented at 10th Biennial Conference on Environmental Psychology, Magdeburg, Germany.

Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2013). Goal-framing theory and norm-guided environmental behavior. In H. C. M. van Trijp (Ed.), Encouraging sustainable behaviour. (pp. 37-54). New York: Psychology Press.

Hoekstra, E., Keizer, K., Lindenberg, S., Steg, L., & Veldstra, J. (2013). Higherups as influential norm violators. Abstract from 10th Biennial Conference on Environmental Psychology, Magdeburg, Germany.

Steg, L., & Abrahamse, W. (2013). How to promote energy savings among households: Theoretical and practical approaches. In Psychological approaches to sustainability: current trends in theory, research and applications. (pp. 61-80). New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc, Hauppauge, NY, USA.

Dijst, M., Rietveld, P., & Steg, L. (2013). Individual needs, opportunities and travel behaviour: A multidisciplinary perspective based on psychology, economics and geography. In B. van Wee, J. A. Annema, & D. Bannister (Eds.), The transport system and transport policy: An introduction. (pp. 19-50). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2013). Influence of values on attitudes toward and evaluations of energy alternatives. Paper presented at 10th Biennial Conference on Environmental Psychology, Magdeburg, Germany.

van der Poel, C., Hansen, N., & Steg, L. (2013). The effect of knowledge and environmental self-identity on energy use. 10th Biennial Conference on Environmental Psychology, Magdeburg, Germany.

Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2013). What makes organizations in market democracies adopt environmentally-friendly policies? In A. H. Huffman, & S. R. Klein (Eds.), Green organizations: Driving change with IO psychology. (pp. 93-114). New York: Routledge.

2012

Ünal, A. B., Steg, L., & Epstude, K. (2012). The influence of music on mental effort and driving performance. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 48, 271-278. DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.01.022

van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2012). The relationship between values and self-identity in transport behaviour. Paper presented at Fifth International Conference on Traffic and Transport Psychology, Groningen, Netherlands.

Hansen, N., & Steg, L. (2012). Combating global climate change by acting locally: Dependency on nature predicts biospheric values and pro-environmental action in developing countries. Paper presented at the XXIst Congress of the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology (IACCP), Stellenbosch, South Africa.

van der Werff, E., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2012). I am what I am by looking past the present.. Paper presented at 30th International Congress of Psychology, Cape Town, South Africa.

Huijts, N. M. A., Molin, E. J. E., & Steg, L. (2012). Psychological factors influencing sustainable energy technology acceptance: A review-based comprehensive framework. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(1), 525-531. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2011.08.018

Gatersleben, B., & Steg, L. (2012). Affective and symbolic aspects of environmental behaviour. In L.Steg, A.E. van den berg, & J.I.M. de Groot (Eds.), Environmental psychology: An introduction. (pp. 165-174). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

van den Berg, A. E., & Steg, L. (2012). Conclusion: Summary, trends and future perspectives in environmental psychology. In L. I. Steg, A. E. van den Berg, & J. I. M. de Groot (Eds.), Environmental Psychology: An introduction. (pp. 303-314). (BPS textbooks in psychology). Wiley-Blackwell.

Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2012). Environment and quality of life. In L. Steg, A. E. van den Berg, & J. I. M. de Groot (Eds.), Environmental psychology : An introduction. (pp. 107-118). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

Steg, L., van den Berg, A. E., & de Groot, J. I. M. (Eds.) (2012). Environmental psychology: An introduction. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

Steg, L., van den Berg, A. E., & de Groot, J. I. M. (2012). Environmental psychology: History, scope and methods. In E. M. Steg, A. E. van den Berg, & J. de Groot (Eds.), Environmental Psychology: An introduction. (pp. 1-12). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

Steg, L., & De Groot, J. I. M. (2012). Environmental values. In S. Clayton (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of environmental and conservation psychology. (pp. 81-92). New York: Oxford University Press.

de Groot, J. I. M., Steg, L., Keizer, M., Farsang, A., & Watt, A. (2012). Environmental values in post-socialist Hungary: Is it useful to distinguish egoistic, altruistic and biospheric values? Czech Sociological Review, 48(3), 421-440.

Van der Werff, E., Keizer, K., & Steg, L. (2012). Factors influencing the environmental self-identity. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 353.

Steg, L. (2012). How to encourage organisations to adopt environmentally-friendly policies. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 355.

Perlaviciute, G., Steg, L., & Lindenberg, S. (2012). Labelling is a complex affair: When does pro-environmental labelling actually promote products?. Paper presented at 11th TIBER (Tilburg Institute for Behavioral Economics Research ) Symposium on Psychology and Economics, Tilburg, Netherlands.

Steg, L., & Nordlund, A. (2012). Models to explain environmental behaviour. In L. Steg, A. E. van den Berg, & J. I. M. de Groot (Eds.), Environmental psychology: An introduction. (pp. 185-195). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

Ruepert, A., Bolderdijk, J., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2012). Positive and negative spill-over effects in environmental behaviour. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 355.

Steg, L., Poortinga, W., & Estrada, M. (2012). Psychological contributions to mitigating climate change. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 354.

Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2012). Quality of life in residential environments. Psyecology, 3, 325 – 340.

Noppers, E., Bolderdijk, J-W., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2012). Signaling with sustainable innovations. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 175.

Perlaviciute, G., Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2012). Situational and dispositional influences on desirability of pro-environmental products. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 352-353.

Dogan, E. B., Steg, L., Delhomme, P., & Rothengatter, T. (2012). The effects of non-evaluative feedback on drivers’ self-evaluation and performance. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 45, 522-528. DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.09.004

Steg, L., Van der Werff, E., & Perlaviciute, G. (2012). The significance of hedonic values for sustainable behaviours to mitigate climate change. International Journal of Psychology, 47, 351.

2011

Dogan, E., Steg, L., & Delhomme, P. (2011). The influence of multiple goals on driving behavior: The case of safety, time saving, and fuel saving. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43(5), 1635-1643. DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.03.002

Steg, L. (Author), & Perlaviciute, G. (Author). (2011). Prof. dr. Linda Steg: ‘Publieke opinie over kernenergie minder robuust dan gedacht’.

Bolderdijk, J. W., Knockaert, J., Steg, L., & Verhoef, E. T. (2011). Effects of Pay-As-You-Drive vehicle insurance on young drivers’ speed choice: Results of a Dutch field experiment. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 43(3), 1181-1186. DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.032

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & van Kruining, M. (2011). When Are Transport Pricing Policies Fair and Acceptable? Social Justice Research, 24(1), 66-84. DOI: 10.1007/s11211-011-0124-9

Gifford, R., Steg, L., & Reser, J. P. (2011). Environmental psychology. In P. R. Martin, F. M. Cheung, M. C. Kyrios, L. Littlefield, M. Knowles, J. B. Overmier, & J. M. Prieto (Eds.), The IAAP Handbook of Applied Psychology. (pp. 440-471). Chichester: Blackwell Publishing.

Abrahamse, W., & Steg, L. (2011). Factors Related to Household Energy Use and Intention to Reduce It: The Role of Psychological and Socio-Demographic Variables. Human ecology review, 18(1), 30-40.

Steg, L., De Groot, J. I. M., Dreijerink, L., Abrahamse, W., & Siero, F. (2011). General Antecedents of Personal Norms, Policy Acceptability, and Intentions: The Role of Values, Worldviews, and Environmental Concern. Society & natural resources, 24(4), 349-367. DOI: 10.1080/08941920903214116

De Groot, J. I. M., & Steg, L. (2011). Psychological perspectives on the geological disposal of radioactive waste and carbon dioxide. In F. L. Toth (Ed.), Geological disposal of carbon dioxide and radioactive waste: A comparative assessment. (pp. 339-363). Dordrecht: New York: Springer.

Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2011). Satisfaction with residential environments: Effects of participation. Paper presented at 9th biennial conference on Environmental Psychology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.

Keizer, K., Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2011). The reversal effects of prohibition signs. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 14(5), 681-688. DOI: 10.1177/1368430211398505

2010

Steg, L., De Waard, D., Lindenberg, S. M., & Brookhuis, K. A. (2010). Acceptatie en gevolgen van groene straatverlichting: Eindrapportage (In opdracht van Gemeente Assen). Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.

Pals, R., Steg, L., Siero, F. W., & van der Zee, K. I. (2010). Erratum to “Development of the PRCQ: A measure of perceived restorative characteristics of zoo attractions” [Journal of Environmental Psychology 29 (2009) 441–449]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(4), 594-594. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.02.001

Steg, L., & de Groot, J. (2010). Explaining prosocial intentions: Testing causal relationships in the norm activation model. British Journal of Social Psychology, 49(4), 725-743. DOI: 10.1348/014466609×477745

de Groot, J. M., & Steg, L. (2010). Relationships between value orientations, self-determined motivational types and pro-environmental behavioural intentions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(4), 368-378. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.04.002

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & Rothengatter, J. A. (2010). The acceptability, personal outcome expectations, and expected effects of transport pricing policies. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(4), 587-593. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.05.002

de Groot, J. I. M., & Steg, L. (2010). Morality and Nuclear Energy: Perceptions of Risks and Benefits, Personal Norms, and Willingness to Take Action Related to Nuclear Energy. Risk Analysis, 30(9), 1363-1373. DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01419.x

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & Forward, S. (2010). Explaining differences in acceptability before and acceptance after the implementation of a congestion charge in Stockholm. Transportation Research. Part A: Policy and Practice, 44(2), 99-109. DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2009.11.005

Schuitema, G., & Steg, L. (2010). Een psychologisch perspectief op prijsbeleid in verkeer en vervoer. Een terug- en vooruitblik na 7 jaar. Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap, (46), 122 – 123.

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & Rothengatter, J. A. (2010). Relationship between the acceptability, personal outcome expectations and the expected effects of transport pricing policies. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 587 – 593.

Veldstra, J., Bolderdijk, J., de Waard, D., Steg, E., & Brookhuis, K. (2010). Risk taking in traffic: comparing simulated driving with on-road GPS measured driving behaviour. Abstract from conference of the international council on alcohol, drugs and traffic safety , Oslo, Norway.

Koopmans, C., Steg, L., Van Wee, B., & Dosker, R. (2010). Second opinion basisgegevens Anders Betalen voor Mobiliteit (Second opinion basic data pay differently for mobility. Amsterdam: SEO, Foundation for Economic Research of the University of Amsterdam.

Van Wee, G. P., Meurs, H. J., Polak, J. B., Steg, L., Rietveld, P., & Verhoef, E. T. Waarom draagt een kilometerheffing bij aan de oplossing van ons mobiliteitsprobleem? Verkeerskunde, http://www.verkeerskunde.nl/waarom-draagt-een-kilometerheffing-bij-aan-de.20388.lynkx

2009

Pals, R., Steg, L., Siero, F. W., & van der Zee, K. I. (2009). Development of the PRCQ: A measure of perceived restorative characteristics of zoo attractions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(4), 441-449. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.08.005

Steg, L., & Van Brussel, A. (2009). Accidents, aberrant behaviours, and speeding of young moped riders. Transportation Research. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 12(6), 503-511. DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2009.09.001

Oikonomou, V., Becchis, F., Steg, L., & Russolillo, D. (2009). Energy saving and energy efficiency concepts for policy making. Energy Policy, 37(11), 4787-4796. DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.06.035

Abrahamse, W., & Steg, L. (2009). How do socio-demographic and psychological factors relate to households’ direct and indirect energy use and savings? Journal of Economic Psychology, 30(5), 711-720. DOI: 10.1016/j.joep.2009.05.006

Maibach, E., Steg, L., & Anable, J. (2009). Promoting physical activity and reducing climate change: Opportunities to replace short car trips with active transportation. Preventive Medicine, 49(4), 326-327. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.06.028

Steg, L., & Vlek, C. (2009). Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: An integrative review and research agenda. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(3), 309-317. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.10.004

Abrahamse, W., Steg, L., Gifford, R., & Vlek, C. (2009). Factors influencing car use for commuting and the intention to reduce it: A question of self-interest or morality? Transportation Research. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 12(4), 317-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2009.04.004

de Groot, J. I. M., & Steg, L. (2009). Mean or green: Which values can promote stable pro-environmental behavior? Conservation Letters, 2(2), 61-66. DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2009.00048.x

Dijst, M., Rietveld, P., & Steg, L. (2009). Behoeften, mogelijkheden en gedragskeuzen met betrekking tot het verplaatsingsgedrag: een multidisciplinair perspectief. In B. Van Wee, & J. A. Annema (Eds.), Verkeer en vervoer in hoofdlijnen. (pp. 31-56). Bussum: Coutinho.

Steg, L., & Vlek, C. A. J. (2009). Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: An integrative review and research agenda. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29, 309 – 317.

Postmes, T., Steg, L., & Keizer, K. (2009). Groepsnormen en gedrag: Sturing door sociale identiteit en dialoog. In W. L. Tiemeijer, & C. A. Thoma (Eds.), De menselijke beslisser: Over de psychologie van keuze en gedrag. (pp. 139-162). (WRR verkenningen; Vol. 22). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.

Oikonomou, V., Becchis, F., Steg, L., & Russolillo, D. (2009). Microeconomics of energy saving and energy efficiency as a tool to design effective policy options. Energy Policy, 37(11), 4787 – 4796.

De Groot, J. I. M., & Steg, L. (2009). Morality and Prosocial Behavior: The Role of Awareness, Responsibility, and Norms in the Norm Activation Model. Journal of Social Psychology, 149(4), 425-449.

Brookhuis, K. A., Steg, L., De Waard, D., Carsten, O., Pringle, C., & Groeger, J. A. (2009). Obituary- In Memoriam Talib Rothengatter. Transportation Research. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 12, 359 – 360.

Steg, L., & Vlek, C. A. J. (2009). Social science and environmental behaviour. In J. J. Boersema, & L. Reijnders (Eds.), Principles of environmental science. (pp. 97 – 141). Amsterdam/Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

2008

Keizer, K., Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2008). The Spreading of Disorder. Science, 322(5908), 1681-1685. DOI: 10.1126/science.1161405

Steg, L. (2008). Promoting household energy conservation. Energy Policy, 36(12), 4449-4453. DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.027

Schuitema, G., & Steg, L. (2008). The role of revenue use in the acceptability of transport pricing policies. Transportation Research. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 11(3), 221-231. DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2007.11.003

de Groot, J. I. M., & Steg, L. (2008). Value orientations to explain beliefs related to environmental significant behavior: How to measure egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric value orientations. Environment and Behavior, 40(3), 330-354. DOI: 10.1177/0013916506297831

Steg, L., Buunk, A. . B., & Rothengatter, J. A. (2008). Applied Social Psychology: Understanding and Managing Social Problems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Schuitema, G., Ubbels, B., Steg, L., & Verhoef, E. (2008). Car users’ acceptability of a kilometre charge. In E. Verhoef, B. van Wee, L. Steg, & M. Bliemer (Eds.), Pricing in road transport: A multi-disciplinary perspective. (pp. 209-226). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Van Wee, B., Bliemer, M., Steg, L., & Verhoef, E. (2008). Conclusions and directions of further Research. In Pricing in road transport: A multi-disciplinary perspective. (pp. 312-320). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Steg, L., Tillema, T., Van Wee, T., & Schuitema, G. (2008). Firms’ perception and acceptability of transport pricing. In E. Verhoef, B. van Wee, L. Steg, & M. Bliemer (Eds.), Pricing in road transport: A multi-disciplinary perspective. (pp. 250-269). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Steg, L., Verhoef, E., Bliemer, M., & Van Wee, B. (2008). Introduction. In E. Verhoef, B. van Wee, L. Steg, & M. Bliemer (Eds.), Pricing in road transport: A multi-disciplinary perspective. (pp. 1-5). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Steg, L., & Rothengatter, T. (2008). Introduction in applied social psychology. In L. Steg, A. P. Buunk, & T. Rothengatter (Eds.), Applied Social Psychology. (pp. 1-27). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Steg, L. (2008). Normative concerns and environmental behavior. International Journal of Psychology, 43(3-4), 179-179.

Verhoef, E., Bliemer, M., Steg, L., & Van Wee, B. (2008). Pricing in road transport: A multi-disciplinary perspective. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Steg, L., & Gifford, R. (2008). Social psychology and environmental problems. In L. Steg, A. P. Buunk, & T. Rothengatter (Eds.), Applied Social Psychology. (pp. 184-205). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Steg, L., & Vlek, C. A. J. (2008). Social science and environmental behavior. In J. Boersema, & L. Reijnders (Eds.), Principles of Environmetal Science. (pp. 97-141). New York: Springer.

Steg, L., & Gifford, R. (2008). Sustainable transport and quality of life. In A. Lee-Gosselin, & A. Perrels (Eds.), Building blocks for sustainable transport. (pp. 183-202). Bingly: Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Steg, L., & De Groot, J. I. M. (2008). Transport planning and quality life. In U. Becker, J. Böhmer, & R. Gerike (Eds.), How to define and measure access and need satisfaction in transport. (pp. 79-94). Dresden: Dresder Institut für Verkehr und Umwelt e.V..

De Groot, J. I. M., Steg, L., & Dicke, M. (2008). Transportation trends from a moral perspective: Value orientations, norms and reducing car use. In F. N. Gustavsson (Ed.), New transportation research progress. Hauppauge NY: Nova Science Publishers.

2007

Abrahamse, W., Steg, L., Vlek, C., Rothengatter, T., & Rothengatter, J. A. (2007). The effect of tailored information, goal setting, and tailored feedback on household energy use, energy-related behaviors, and behavioral antecedents. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(4), 265-276. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.08.002

de Groot, J., & Steg, L. (2007). General beliefs and the theory of planned behavior: The role of environmental concerns in the TPB. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(8), 1817-1836.

Collins, C. M., & Steg, L. (2007). Customers’ values, beliefs on sustainable corporate performance, and buying behavior. Psychology & Marketing, 24(6), 555-577. DOI: 10.1002/mar.20173

de Groot, J. I. M., & Steg, L. (2007). Value orientations and environmental beliefs in five countries – Validity of an instrument to measure egoistic, altruistic and biospheric value orientations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38(3), 318-332. DOI: 10.1177/0022022107300278

Lindenberg, S. M., Schoot Uiterkamp, A. J. M., Steg, L., & van Witteloostuijn, A. (2007). Het wordt tijd voor echt milieubeleid. NRC Handelsblad, 6.

Schuitema, G., Steg, L., & Vlek, C. A. J. (2007). Are pricing policies effective to change car use? IATSS Research, 31, 21 – 31.

Steg, L., De Groot, J., Forward, S., Kaufmann, C., Risser, R., Schmeidler, K., … Urbani, L. (2007). Assessing life quality in transport planning and urban design: definition, operationalisation, assessment and implementation. In D. Banister, & S. Marshall (Eds.), Land use and transport. European research towards integrated policies. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Steg, L., & Schuitema, G. (2007). Behavioural responses to transport pricing: A theoretical analysis. In T. Gärling, & L. Steg (Eds.), Threats to the quality of urban life from car traffic: problems, causes, and solutions.. (pp. 347-366). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Collins, C. M., Steg, L., & Koning, M. A. S. (2007). Customers’ values, beliefs on sustainable corporate performance, and buying behavior. Psychology & Marketing, 24, 555 – 577.

De Groot, J., & Steg, L. (2007). General beliefs and the theory of planned behaviour: the role of environmental concerns in the TPB. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37, 1817 – 1836. DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00239.x

Vlek, C., & Steg, L. (2007). Human behavior and environmental sustainability: Problems, driving forces, and research topics. Journal of Social Issues, 63(1), 1-19.

Vlek, C. A. J., & Steg, L. (2007). Human behavior and environmental sustainability: Problems, driving forces and research topics. Journal of Social Issues, 63, 1 – 19. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00493.x

Steg, L., & Gärling, T. (2007). Introduction. In T. Gärling, & L. Steg (Eds.), Threats to the quality of urban life from car traffic: problems, causes, and solutions.. (pp. 1-7). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Steg, L. (2007). Journal of Social Issues [special issue]. Journal of Social Issues, 63(1), 1-231.

Lindenberg, S., & Steg, L. (2007). Normative, gain and hedonic goal frames guiding environmental behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 63(1), 117-137. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00499.x

Steg, L. (2007). Sustainable transport: A psychological perspective. IATSS Research, 31, 58 – 66.

Steg, L. (2007). Sustainable transport: A psychological perspective (in Japanese). IATSS Research, 31, 14 – 23.

Gifford, R., & Steg, L. (2007). The impact of vehicle traffic on quality of life. In T. Gärling, & L. Steg (Eds.), Threats to the quality of urban life from car traffic: problems, causes, and solutions.. (pp. 33-51). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Gärling, T., & Steg, L. (2007). Threats to the quality of urban life from car traffic: problems, causes, and solutions. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

2006

de Groot, J., & Steg, L. (2006). Impact of transport pricing on quality of life, acceptability, and intentions to reduce car use: An exploratory study in five European countries. Journal of Transport Geography, 14(6), 463-470. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2006.02.011

de Groot, J. I. M., & Steg, L. (2006). The role of value orientations in evaluating quality of life consequences of a transport pricing policy. Transportation Research. Part D: Transport and Environment, 11(2), 160-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2005.11.001

Steg, L., Dreijerink, L., & Abrahamse, W. (2006). Why are energy policies acceptable and effective? Environment and Behavior, 38(1), 92-111. DOI: 10.1177/0013916505278519

Van Brussel, G. A., Steg, L., Uneken, E., & van de Brake, A. (2006). Brokken door bewust te hard rijden: Afwijkend rijgedrag van jonge bromfietsers in Drenthe onderzocht. Verkeerskunde, 57(4), 22 – 27.

Steg, L., Verhoef, E., Bliemer, M., Joksimovic, D., Schuitema, G., Tillema, T., … Van Wee, B. (2006). Een multidisciplinair perspectief op prijsbeleid in verkeer en vervoer: MD PIT. Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap, 42(2), 26 – 32.

2005

Steg, L., Dreijerink, L., & Abrahamse, W. (2005). Factors influencing the acceptability of energy policies: A test of VBN theory. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25(4), 415-425. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.08.003

Abrahamse, W., Steg, L., Vlek, C., Rothengatter, T., & Rothengatter, J. A. (2005). A review of intervention studies aimed at household energy conservation. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25(3), 273-291. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.08.002

Steg, L. (2005). Environmental problems and human behavior, 2nd edition. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25(1), 120-124. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2005.01.003

Steg, L. (2005). Book reviews. The European Legacy, 10, 417 – 418.

Steg, L. (2005). Car use: Lust and must. Instrumental, symbolic and affective motives for car use. Transportation Research. Part A: Policy and Practice, 39(2-3), 147-162. DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2004.07.001

Schuitema, G., & Steg, L. (2005). Percepties van energiegebruik van huishoudelijke apparaten. In A. E. Bronner, P. Dekker, E. de Leeuw, K. de Ruyter, A. Smidts, & J. E. Wieringa (Eds.), Ontwikkelingen in het Marktonder-zoek. Jaarboek Markt Onderzoek Associatie2005. (pp. 165 – 180). Haarlem: De Vrieseborch.

Steg, L. (2005). Reviews. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 25, 120 – 123.

Steg, L., & Gifford, R. (2005). Sustainable Transport and Quality of Life. Journal of Transport Geography, 13, 59 – 69. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2004.11.003

2004

Poortinga, W., Steg, L., & Vlek, C. (2004). Values, environmental concern, and environmental behavior: A study into household energy use. Environment and Behavior, 36(1), 70-93. DOI: 10.1177/0013916503251466

Steg, L. (2004). Car use: lust and must. In J. A. Rothengatter, & D. Huguenin (Eds.), Traffic &Transport Psychology.. (pp. 443 – 452). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Vlek, C. A. J., & Steg, L. (2004). Solid environmental policy needs, valid environmental psychology. Newsletter of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change, 4, 11 – 13.

2003

Poortinga, W., Steg, L., Vlek, C., & Wiersma, G. (2003). Household preferences for energy-saving measures: A conjoint analysis. Journal of Economic Psychology, 24(1), 49-64. [PII S0167-4870(02)00154-X]. DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4870(02)00154-x

Steg, L. (2003). Can public transport compete with the private car? IATSS Research, 2, vol 27, 27 – 35.

Steg, L. (2003). Factors influencing the acceptability and effectiveness of transport pricing. In J. Schade, & B. Schlag (Eds.), Acceptability of transport pricing strategies.. (pp. 187-202). AMSTERDAM: Elsevier.

Hendrickx, L., Jager, W., & Steg, L. (Eds.) (2003). Human decision making and environmental perception: Understanding and assisting human decision making in real-life settings : liber amicorum for Charles Vlek. Groningen: University of Groningen.

Steg, L. (2003). Motives and behaviour in social dilemmas relevant to the environment. In L. Steg, W. Jager, & H. M. E. Hendrickx (Eds.), Human decision making and environmental perception.. (pp. 83 – 102). Groningen: University of Groningen.

Wiersma, G., Noorman, K. J., Kok, R., Benders, R. M. J., Moll, H. C., Abrahamse, W., … van der Valk, M. (2003). Netwerken met Energie. (4800000439 ed.) Groningen: Interfacultaire Vakgroep Energie en Milieukunde / RUG.

2002

Poortinga, W., Steg, L., & Vlek, C. A. J. (2002). Environmental risk concern and preferences for energy-saving measures. Environment and Behavior, 34(4), 455-478.

Gatersleben, B. C. M., Steg, L., & Vlek, C. A. J. (2002). Measurement and determinants of environmentally significant consumer behavior. Environment and Behavior, 34(3), 335-362. DOI: 10.1177/0013916502034003004

Vlek, C. A. J., & Steg, L. (2002). Drie dimensies meten geeft een beter resultaat. Het Financieel Dagblad, 29 juni, 7.

Vlek, C., Steg, L., Feenstra, D., Gerbens-Leenes, W., Lindenberg, S., Moll, H., … van Witteloostuijn, A. (2002). Een praktisch model voor duurzaam bedrijfspresteren. Economisch Statistische Berichten, 87, 524-527. [4369].

Poortinga, W., & Steg, L. (2002). Viable Behavioural and Technological Energy-Saving Measures. Milieu: Tijdschrift voor Milieukunde, 3, 123 – 135.

2001

Steg, L., Geurs, K., & Ras, M. (2001). The effects of motivational factors on car use: a multidisciplinary modelling approach. Transportation Research. Part A: Policy and Practice, 35(9), 789-806.

Poortinga, W., & Steg, L. (2001). A conjoint analysis of household energy-saving measures. In A. Scott, A. Lewis, & B. S. Jorgensen (Eds.), Environment and well-being. IAREP 2001 Conference Proceedings. (pp. 280 – 284). Bath, UK: University of Bath.

Steg, L. (2001). Changing consumer behaviour through eco-efficient services: An empirical study on car sharing in the Netherlands. Tijdschrift voor Milieukunde, 16(1), 35 – 37.

Steg, L., Vlek, C. A. J., & Slotegraaf, G. (2001). Cognitive-reasoned and affective-emotional motives for using a motor car. Transportation Research. Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 4 (3), 1 – 19.

Steg, L. (2001). Measuring and explaining environmental consumer behaviour. In A. Scott, A. Lewis, & B. S. Jorgensen (Eds.), Environment and well-being. IAREP 2001 Conference Proceedings. (pp. 280 – 284). Bath, UK: University of Bath.

Steg, L., Geurs, K., & Ras, M. (2001). Motives in transport models: Can they be ignored? In D. Hensher (Ed.), Travel behaviour research: The leading edge. (pp. 829-844). KIDLINGTON: Elsevier-Pergamon.

Steg, L., Geurs, K., & Ras, M. (2001). The effects of motivational factors on car use: A Multi-disciplinary modelling approach. Transportation Research. Part A: Policy and Practice, 35, 17 – 34.

Steg, L., Vlek, C., Feenstra, D., Gerbens-Leenes, P. W., Karsten, L., Kok, R., … Van Witteloostuijn, A. (2001). Towards a comprehensive model of sustainable corporate performance: Three-dimensional modeling and practical measurement. (Interim report RUG). Groningen, the Netherlands: Department of Economics, Environmental Sciences, Management Science, Psychology and Sociology, University of Groningen.

Steg, L. (2001). Voorruitperspectief. Wegen van impliciet autodenken. Mens en Maatschappij, 76 (1), 80 – 81.

2000

Steg, L., & Sievers, . N. V. (2000). Cultural theory and individual perceptions of environmental risks. Environment and Behavior, 32(2), 250-269.

Steg, L. (2000). Denkers zijn geen doeners. In P. Schnabel (Ed.), Oud & Nieuw 1999-2000. (pp. 15 – 17). Den Haag: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.

Sievers, I., & Steg, L. (2000). Milieuproblemen als sociale dilemma’s: Een verkenning van de bruikbaarheid van het sociaal dilemma paradigma bij de analyse van milieuproblemen, toegepast op de casus autogebruik. Beleid en Maatschappij, 27, 13 – 24.

1999

Vlek, C., Mesken, J., & Steg, L. (1999). Future-sketching and multi-attribute evaluation may affect your preference order of complex policy scenarios. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 12(2), 107-122. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0771(199906)12:23.0.CO;2-Q

Steg, L., & Vlek, C. A. J. (1999). Autogebruik: must en lust. Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap, 4, 303 – 322.

Steg, L., & Tertoolen, G. (1999). Sustainable transport policy: The contribution from behavioural scientists. Public Money & Management, 19(1), 63 – 69. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9302.00154

Steg, L. (1999). Verspilde energie? (156 ed.) Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Tertoolen, G., & Steg, L. (1999). Wie zegt dat liefde niet te koop is? Verkeerskunde, 1, 30 – 34.

1998

Steg, L., & Vlek, C. A. J. (1998). Beïnvloeding van verplaatsingsgedrag door ruimtelijk beleid. Rooilijn, 8, 408.

1997

Vlek, C. A. J., Steg, L., & Jager, W. (1997). Modellen en strategieën voor gedragsverandering ter vermindering van collectieve risico’s. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor de Psychologie, 4, 174 – 191.

Vlek, C. A. J., & Steg, L. (1997). Veelvuldig gebruik van een motorvoertuig is schadelijk voor het leefmileu en voor de menselijke gezondheid; een repliek op D.I. Walgemoed. AutoKampioen, 3, 21 – 21.

1996

Steg, L. (1996). Car: use as a social dilemma. In PTRC (Ed.), Proceedings of the PTRC congress, part C, Sustainable Transport. London: PTRC.

Steg, L., & Rooijers, A. J. (1996). Gedragsverandering ter vermindering van het autogebruik. In F. J. J. M. Steyvers, & P. G. M. Mitterburg (Eds.), Gedragsbeïnvloeding in Verkeers- en Vervoersbeleid. (pp. 31 – 37). Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Verkeerskundig Studiecentrum.

Steg, L., Vlek, C. A. J., & Rooijers, A. J. (1996). Gedragsverandering ter vermindering van het autogebruik: theoretische analyse en empirische studie over probleembesef, verminderingsbereidheid en beoordeling van beleidsmaatregelen s.n.

Steg, L. (1996). Societal reasons, conditions and policy strategies for reducing the use of motor vehicles; a behavioural-science perspective and some empirical data. In V. Buxton, & J. Charbonneau (Eds.), Towards sustainable transportation. (pp. 1 – 10). Quebec: Environmenr Canada.

1995

Steg, L., Vlek, C. A. J., & Rooijers, A. J. (1995). Beheersing van het autogebruik. Tijdschrift Vervoerswetenschap, 31,2, 141 – 154.

Steg, L., Vlek, C., & Rooijers, T. (1995). Private car mobility. Problem awareness, willingness to change, and policy evaluation: A national interview study among Dutch car users. In S. Zwerver, R. S. A. vanRompaey, M. T. J. Kok, & M. M. Berk (Eds.), CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH: EVALUATION AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS, A AND B. (pp. 1173-1176). (STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE; Vol. 65). AMSTERDAM: Elsevier.

Steg, L., & Tertoolen, G. (1995). Sleutelen aan gedrag. Verkeerskunde, 11, 32 – 35.

1993

VLEK, C., HENDRICKX, L., & STEG, L. (1993). A SOCIAL DILEMMAS ANALYSIS OF MOTORISED TRANSPORT PROBLEMS AND 6 GENERAL STRATEGIES FOR SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR CHANGE. In TRANSPORT POLICY AND GLOBAL WARMING. (pp. 209-&). PARIS: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develop.

2017

MVO Vlaanderen – 2017, March 7 – Innoveren met emoties – een onderzoeksproject over de ontwikkeling van maatschappelijk verantwoorde innovaties

2016

Royal Haskoning DHV – 2016, June 30 – Maatschappelijk verantwoord innoveren: de rol van emoties

2015

RuG – 2015, July 23 – Wind Energy Knowledge plan pilot study

NWO – 2015 – Programme Responsible innovation

Architect Magazine – 2015, June 19 – Behaviour and Building

2014

NRC – 2015, May 15 – Verander de wereld, denk eerst na

2016

Energy Research & Social Science, Linda Steg (Editor), 2016 → 2017

Social Science and Policy of Nature Energy, Linda Steg (Editorial board member), 2016 onwards

2015

Advisory Group on Energy for Horizon 2020 – The Framework Programme for Research and Innovation of the European Commission

Linda Steg (Member), 2015

Nature Energy, Linda Steg (Editorial board member), 2015 → 2016

Workgroup ‘Circular Economy’ and ‘Energy’ of the Dutch Science Agenda, Linda Steg (Member), 2015

2013

Associated member of the Council for the Environment and Infrastructure, Linda Steg (Member), 2013 → 2017

Frontiers in Energy Research, Linda Steg (Editor), 2013 → 2017

2012

Environment and Behavior, Linda Steg (Editor), 2012 → 2017

2011

Founding group and board Virtual Community Sustainability and Consumption, Linda Steg (Member), 2011 → 2017

2010

Journal of Environmental Psychology, Linda Steg (Editor), 2010 → 2017

2009

IATTS Research, Linda Steg (Editor), 2009 → 2017

2007

Energy Efficiency, Linda Steg (Editor), 2007 → 2017

2006

Applied Psychology: An International Review, Linda Steg (Editor), 2006 → 2017